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Economic Snapshot: Debt & Deficits

  • June 19, 2025
Inflation ticked back up slightly in May. Many analysts and economists expect the impact of new tariff policies to show up in coming months, but nothing has shown up so far.

This analysis and data were compiled by our friend Patrick Carlisle at Compass.

Bar chart of monthly U.S. inflation from 2021 to May 2025, peaking at 8.9% in June 2022.

"Consumer sentiment improved for the first time in six months, climbing 16% from last month...These trends were unanimous across the distributions of age, income, wealth, political party, and geographic region. Moreover, all five index components rose, with a particularly steep increase for short and long-run expected business conditions, consistent with a perceived easing of pressures from tariffs. Consumers appear to have settled somewhat from the shock of the extremely high tariffs announced in April...However, consumers still perceive wide-ranging downside risks to the economy....[and] remain guarded and concerned about the trajectory of the economy...Year-ahead inflation expectations plunged from 6.6% last month to 5.1% this month." University of Michigan Surveys of Consumers, 6/13/25 

Consumer sentiment index chart from 1978 to June 2025, annotated with recessions, recoveries, and major economic events.

Interest rates have been stable for weeks now. 

Chart of weekly mortgage rates from January 2023 to June 2025, with a late-2023 peak and a June 2025 rate of 6.84%.

Stock markets are holding onto their massive rebounds over the past 2 months.

Chart compares Nasdaq and S&P 500 gains since January 2024, showing sharp volatility and an April 2025 plunge.

The price of oil has been spiking up with Israel's attack on Iran. On virtually every political and economic front, we now live in a very volatile world.

Chart of Brent crude oil prices from 2000 to 2025, highlighting the 2008 crash, pandemic, and 2022 spike.

Federal debt, deficits, interest payments and balance of trade have been much in the news lately. For those interested, the charts below provide some context amid large, recent changes in federal policy; the discussion of proposed changes in revenue, taxes and benefits in the "Big, Beautiful Bill"; reactions in stock and bond markets; and possible impacts on interest rates.  

Chart of U.S. federal debt rising from 1980 to more than $36.2 trillion by Q1 2025.

U.S. federal debt-to-GDP chart since 1980, with a 2024 world debt map and markers for the 2008 crash and pandemic.

Chart of federal debt interest payments, rising above $1 trillion by 2025.

Chart of U.S. federal budget deficits from 1980 to 2024, with sharp drops during the 2008 financial crisis and pandemic.

The trade deficit saw a dramatic change in April as many imports plunged due to the imposition of tariffs, a constantly changing situation. 

Chart of the U.S. trade deficit from 2000 to 2025, with sharp changes in March and April 2025.





 
 
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Meet Alexander

Meet Alexander Lurie

Alexander Fromm Lurie is a highly accomplished San Francisco real estate professional and the leader of The Lurie Group, a top-performing team recognized among the top 1% of agents in the city. With over a decade of experience in the real estate industry and California DRE License #01952347, Alexander has built a reputation for delivering exceptional results, with hundreds of homes sold and over $1 billion in total sales volume. Born and raised in San Francisco, he brings deep local expertise, generational knowledge of the Bay Area, and a strong connection to the community into every client relationship. His approach goes beyond transactions—focusing on helping clients build meaningful connections to neighborhoods, schools, and local culture while navigating the buying or selling process with confidence.

Alexander’s background in management consulting and entrepreneurship further strengthens his strategic approach to real estate, allowing him to provide clients with a competitive edge in pricing, negotiation, and marketing. Known for his integrity, discretion, and client-first mindset, he continues to be a trusted advisor for buyers, sellers, and investors across San Francisco’s dynamic real estate market.

Alexander Lurie

Founder | Real Estate Advisor
LICENSE NUMBER
01952347
ADDRESS
629 Divisadero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94117

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